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Introduction
Executive Summary
Table of Contents
List of Graphs
List of Tables

I. Introduction

The term solvent is used in relation to substances, which have the ability to dissolve or thin out other substances without chemically changing them. The most commonly used solvent is water. After water, it is mainly organic solvents which are used, which consist primarily of carbon and hydrogen. They are normally liquid under normal conditions (room temperature), but have a tendency to escape into the air, which is why they are classified as being volatile. There are also natural solvents, which are manufactured from natural vegetable products with few modifications. The most commonly used solvents are however created from crude-oil and natural gas based substances.
Solvents are used as additives in industrial production e.g. in the adhesive, paint, varnish and household cleaning agent industries. They are also used as components in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, cleaning and paint stripping agents. Therefore solvents are contained in many everyday products and we come into contact with them consciously or unconsciously almost every day. In 2005, the worldwide market for solvents had a total volume of around 17.9 million tons, which led to a turnover of about 8 billion Euro.
Some solvents have however proven to be harmful or are suspected of being harmful. This has led to a flood of regulations for the protection of health and the environment, which have been put into practice by industry. Some solvents are now completely prohibited, others are limited in their application areas and many substances are now being recycled and re-used. The vast quantity of legal measures has brought about major changes in the solvent market.
Market conditions have changed in response to changes in the economic field. Reasons for this include the stark rise in the price of raw materials and a very high economic growth rate in Asia, while the markets in Western Europe and North America are stagnating. This has led to the partial closure of some plants of Western companies or the relocation of plants to cheap-labour countries. Similar developments have also occurred in many branches where solvents are used.
A strong dynamic has also formed within the solvent market itself. Due to legal measures and a change in the environmental awareness of consumers, demand for chlorinated and hydrocarbon solvents has been replaced by demand for oxygenated and "natural" solvents.
The solvent market with its numerous manufacturers and products is situated in an area of conflict between increasing international competition and a changing legal framework. These are the challenges which face the market participants. 

II Executive Summary

The aim of this study is to give the reader a considerably clearer understanding of the global solvent market. This study about solvents from CERESANA contains the most important data and facts required for a comprehensive market overview. By highlighting the important influential factors on the solvent market, chances and risks can be recognised on time and taken into consideration.
For this reason we have examined the market closely and in detail. CERESANA interviewed business and association representatives, conducted a survey of manufacturers and consumers of solvents, and also undertook extensive secondary market research. This data base then enabled us to identify the most important and decisive competitive factors and the background of the market development. We have methodically processed the data and prepared prognoses for the further development of the market. The market study is structured as follows:
The first chapter contains the data from the global market and from the various regional markets. The development of the individual solvent markets is gone into in detail and explanations and reasons are given for the newest developments and developments which are to be expected in the future. This chapter closes with the presentation of various product and process developments, which already have an influence on the market or may have in the future.
The second chapter gives an overview of the application areas in which solvents are used. The corresponding sales markets are highlighted here and prognoses as to their further development are given.
The individual solvents are examined in the third chapter. Here information about technical characteristics, areas of application, production quantities and capacities is provided.
Chapter 4 deals with the possible effects of solvents on humans and the environment. In chapter 5 the legal situation regarding solvents and its effects on the market participants is dealt with.
The final chapter gives a global overview of the most important manufacturers of solvents. In addition to lists of products which the companies manufacture, relevant company details are also given.

Key words: Market share capacity demand supply forecast innovation application growth production size industry

Table of Contents

I. Introduction
II. Executive Summary

1 Market Data
1.1 World
1.2 Europe
1.3 North America
1.4 Asia
1.4.1 China
1.4.2 India
1.4.3 Japan
1.4.4 Korea
1.5 Trends and Innovations

2 Areas of Application
2.1 Printing Inks
2.2 Adhesives
2.3 Paints and Varnishes
2.4 Cleaning Agents
2.5 Miscellaneous Application Areas
2.5.1 Paint Remover
2.5.2 Agricultural Chemicals
2.5.3 Cosmetics
2.5.4. Pharmaceuticals
2.5.5 Waxes

3 Product Overview
3.1 Oxygenated Solvents
3.1.1 Alcohols
3.1.1.1 1,2 Propylene glycol
3.1.1.2 2-Ethyl hexanol
3.1.1.3 Butanol
3.1.1.4 Diethylene glycol
3.1.1.5 Ethanol
3.1.1.6 Ethylene glycol
3.1.1.7 Isobutanol
3.1.1.8 Isopropanol
3.1.1.9 Methanol
3.1.1.10 Octanol
3.1.1.11 Pentanol
3.1.1.12 Propanol
3.1.2 Esters
3.1.2.1 Butyl acetate
3.1.2.2 Dibasic esters
3.1.2.3 Dibutyl phthalate
3.1.2.4 Ethyl acetate
3.1.2.5 Isobutyl acetate
3.1.2.6 Methyl acetate
3.1.2.7 Methyl soyate
3.1.2.8 Propyl acetate
3.1.2.9 Propylene carbonate
3.1.3 Glycol ethers
3.1.3.1 1-Methoxypropanol-2
3.1.3.2 1,4-Dioxane
3.1.3.3 2-Butoxyethanol
3.1.3.4 Butyl diglycol
3.1.3.5 Diethyl ether
3.1.3.6 Ethylene oxide
3.1.3.7 Propylene oxide
3.1.3.8 Tetrahydrofuran
3.1.4 Ketones
3.1.4.1 Acetone
3.1.4.2 Acetophenone
3.1.4.3 Cyclohexanone
3.1.4.4 Methyl ethyl ketone
3.1.4.5 Methyl isobutyl ketone
3.2 Hydrocarbon Solvents
3.2.1 Aliphatic Hydrocarbons
3.2.1.1 Benzine
3.2.1.2 Cyclohexane
3.2.1.3 Heptane
3.2.1.4 Hexane
3.2.1.5 Kerosene
3.2.1.6 Octane
3.2.1.7 Pentane
3.2.2 Aromatic Hydrocarbons
3.2.2.1 Benzene
3.2.2.2 Cumene
3.2.2.3 Ethylbenzene
3.2.2.4 Hydroquinone
3.2.2.5 Naphthalene
3.2.2.6 Toluene
3.2.2.7 Xylene
3.2.2.7.1 Ortho-Xylene
3.2.2.7.2 Para-Xylene
3.3 Chlorinated Solvents
3.3.1 1,2-Dichloroethane
3.3.2 Chlorobenzene
3.3.3 Chloroform
3.3.4 Methylene chloride
3.3.5 Perchloroethylene
3.3.6 Carbon tetrachloride
3.3.7 Trichloroethane
3.3.8 Trichloroethylene
3.4 Miscellaneous Solvents
3.4.1 Acetonitrile
3.4.2 Formic acid
3.4.3 Ammonia (liquid)
3.4.4 Butyraldehyde
3.4.5 Dimethylformamide
3.4.6 Dimethyl sulphoxide
3.4.7 Acetic acid
3.4.8 Ethyl lactate
3.4.9 Ionic Liquids
3.4.10 Cresol
3.4.11 Methyl cyclohexane
3.4.12 Methylamine
3.4.13 Pyridine
3.4.14 Sulphur dioxide (liquid)
3.4.15 Siloxane
3.4.16 Terpenes
3.4.16.1 Limonene
3.4.16.2 Pinene
3.4.16.3 Turpentine
3.4.17 Triethylamine

4 Environmental and Health Aspects
4.1 Effects on the Environment
4.2 Effects of Humans

5 Legal Situation
5.1 Regulations
5.1.1 Europe
5.1.1 North America
5.1.2 Japan
5.1.3 International Treaties
5.2 Bans and Taxes
5.2.1 Europe
5.2.2 USA
5.3 Labelling
5.3.1 Obligation to Label
5.3.1.1 European Union
5.3.1.2 USA
5.3.2 Environmental Labelling
5.3.2.1 European Union
5.3.2.2 Canada

6 Manufacturer Profiles
6.1 Europe
6.1.1 Belgium
6.1.1.1 Lambiotte & Cie S.A./N.V.
6.1.1.2 Oleon NV
6.1.1.3 Solvay SA
6.1.1.4 Taminco NV
6.1.1.5 Tessenderlo Chemie NV
6.1.2 Germany
6.1.2.1 Aral Aromatics GmbH
6.1.2.2 BASF Aktiengesellschaft
6.1.2.3 Berkel Pfälzische Spritfabrik GmbH & Co KG
6.1.2.4 Bernd Braun Destillierbetrieb- Ultragrade Chemicals
6.1.2.5 BrüggemannAlcohol
6.1.2.6 Chemische Werke Kluthe GmbH
6.1.2.7 Cölner Benzin-Raffinerie Karl A. Kroseberg GmbH & Co. KG
6.1.2.8 Cognis Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG
6.1.2.9 Degussa AG
6.1.2.10 DHC Solvent Chemie GmbH
6.1.2.11 Domo Caproleuna GmbH
6.1.2.12 European Oxo GmbH
6.1.2.13 Haltermann Products
6.1.2.14 Helm AG
6.1.2.15 Ionic Liquids Technologies GmbH & Co KG
6.1.2.16 Kraul & Wilkening u.Stelling KG - GmbH & Co
6.1.2.17 Lenz-Chemie GmbH
6.1.2.18 LII Europe GmbH
6.1.2.19 Oxeno Olefinchemie GmbH
6.1.2.20 Rütgers Chemicals AG
6.1.2.21 Solvent Innovation GmbH
6.1.2.22 Südzucker Bioethanol GmbH
6.1.2.23 Sustec Schwarze Pumpe GmbH
6.1.2.24 Wacker-Chemie GmbH
6.1.3 France
6.1.3.1 Arkema
6.1.3.2 Dislaub
6.1.3.3 Novapex
6.1.3.4 Rhodia SA
6.1.3.5 Socomor
6.1.3.6 Sodes SA
6.1.3.7 Stearinerie Dubois Fils
6.1.3.8 Total SA
6.1.4 Great Britain
6.1.4.1 Distillex Ltd.
6.1.4.2 E P Laboratories Ltd
6.1.4.3 Hydra Technologies Limited
6.1.4.4 Ineos Group
6.1.4.4.1 Ineos Oxide
6.1.4.4.2 Ineos Chlor
6.1.4.4.3 Ineos Phenol
6.1.4.5 Petrochem Carless Ltd.
6.1.4.6 Royal Dutch Shell plc
6.1.4.7 Scionix Ltd
6.1.4.8 SIS Chemicals Ltd
6.1.5 Italy
6.1.5.1 Eni
6.1.5.2 IMAF SpA
6.1.5.3 Multichimica SpA
6.1.5.4 Polimeri Europa SpA
6.1.6 The Netherlands
6.1.6.1 Akzo Nobel
6.1.6.2 Koninklijke Nedalco BV
6.1.6.3 Methanor v.o.f.
6.1.7 Poland
6.1.7.1 Firma Chemiczna Dwory S.A.
6.1.7.2 PCC Rokita SA
6.1.7.3 Petrochemia-Blachownia S.A.
6.1.7.4 PKN Orlen
6.1.7.5 Solvent Dwory Ltd.
6.1.7.6 Zakłady Azotowe Kędzierzyn S.A.
6.1.7.7 Zakłady Azotowe w Tarnowie-Mościcach S.A.
6.1.8 Romania
6.1.8.1 Chimcomplex Borzesti
6.1.8.2 Oltchim SA
6.1.8.3 S.C.Chimopar S.A.
6.1.8.4 Solventul S.A.
6.1.9 Russia
6.1.9.1 JSC Acron
6.1.9.2 JSC Ekos-1
6.1.9.3 JSC „Metafrax"
6.1.9.4 JSC „Naftan"
6.1.9.5 JSC „Shchekinoazot"
6.1.9.6 JSC Sibur
6.1.9.7 JSC „Usoliekhimprom"
6.1.9.8 „Kazanorgsintez" OJSC
6.1.9.9 „Kuibyshevazot" Joint Stock Company
6.1.9.10 OAO Lukoil
6.1.10 Spain
6.1.10.1 Ercros S.A.
6.1.10.2 Ertisa
6.1.10.3 Petrocepsa
6.1.10.4 Repsol YPF SA
6.1.11 Czech Republic
6.1.11.1 Ceská Rafinérská, A.S
6.1.11.2 Chemopetrol, a. s.
6.1.11.3 Spolchemie
6.1.12 Other Countries
6.1.12.1 Besma International Chem A/S (Denmark)
6.1.12.2 Clariant (Switzerland)
6.1.12.3 Keo Ltd. (Cyprus)
6.1.12.4 Lonza (Switzerland)
6.1.12.5 MOL Plc. (Hungary)
6.1.12.6 Neste Oil Corporation (Finland)
6.1.12.7 Novacke Chemicke Zavody AS (Slovakia)
6.1.12.8 Nynas (Sweden)
6.1.12.9 Perstorp (Sweden)
6.1.12.10 Petroleos de Portugal - Petrogal SA (Portugal)
6.1.12.11 Slovnaft AS (Slovakia)
6.1.12.12 Svensk Etanolkemi AB (Sweden)
6.2 North America
6.2.1 3M Co.
6.2.2 Advanced Aromatics L.P.
6.2.3 Ag Environmental Products, LLC
6.2.4 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
6.2.5 Alcochem, Inc.
6.2.6 Arch Chemicals, Inc.
6.2.7 Archer Daniels Midland Co.
6.2.8 ArroChem, Inc.
6.2.9 Calumet Lubricants Co.
6.2.10 Celanese Corporation
6.2.11 Citgo Petroleum Corp.
6.2.12 Cobar Americas LLC
6.2.13 Commercial Alcohols, Inc.
6.2.14 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC
6.2.15 Crowley Chemical Company, Inc.
6.2.16 Dakota Gasification Co.
6.2.17 Dynaloy
6.2.18 Dynamold Solvent, Inc.
6.2.19 E. I. DU Pont De Nemours And Co.
6.2.20 Eastman Chemical Company
6.2.21 Elgene Chemical
6.2.22 Enerchem International, Inc.
6.2.23 Enviro-Tech International, Inc.
6.2.24 Equistar Chemicals LP
6.2.25 Ethanol2000 Llp
6.2.26 Exxon Mobil Corp.
6.2.27 Ferro Corporation
6.2.28 Gaylord Chemical Corporation
6.2.29 Gemtek Products, LLC
6.2.30 Georgia Gulf Corporation
6.2.31 Grain Processing, Corp.
6.2.32 Halocarbon Products Corporation
6.2.33 Honeywell International, Inc.
6.2.34 Huntsman Corporation
6.2.35 Innovene
6.2.36 International Specialty Products
6.2.37 Invista
6.2.38 JLM Chemicals, Inc.
6.2.39 Koch Industries, Inc.
6.2.40 Lord & Partners Ltd.
6.2.41 Lyondell Chemical Company
6.2.42 Methanex Corporation
6.2.43 Millennium Chemicals, Inc.
6.2.44 Morflex, Inc.
6.2.45 Nova Chemicals Corporation
6.2.46 Occidental Petroleum Corporation
6.2.47 PPG Industries, Inc.
6.2.48 Solutia, Inc.
6.2.49 SOYsolv
6.2.50 Sunoco, Inc.
6.2.51 T2 Laboratories Inc.
6.2.52 Terra Industries, Inc.
6.2.53 The Dow Chemical Company
6.2.54 Triangle Chemical LLC
6.2.55 Valero
6.2.56 Vertec Biosolvents, Inc.
6.3 Asia
6.3.1 China
6.3.1.1 Bluestar New Chemical Materials Co., Ltd.
6.3.1.2 Changfeng Chemical Co.
6.3.1.3 Changshu Alliance Chemical Co., Ltd.
6.3.1.4 Changzhou Jushun Chemical Co., Ltd.
6.3.1.5 Changshu Runzhi Petrochemical Plant
6.3.1.6 Changhua Chemical
6.3.1.7 China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation (Sinopec Corp.)
6.3.1.8 Foshan Shunde Shunguan Gas Solvent Co., Ltd.
6.3.1.9 Hang Cheung Petrochemical Limited
6.3.1.10 Hangzhou Nature Organic Chemicals Co., Ltd.
6.3.1.11 Hunan Yueyang Yunxi Daorenji Solvent Chemical Factory
6.3.1.12 Jiangdu Haichem Chemical Co., Ltd.
6.3.1.13 Jiangsu Danhua Group Co., Ltd.
6.3.1.14 Jiangsu Gaoke Petrochemical Company Limited
6.3.1.15 Jiangsu Hualun Chemical Industry Co., Ltd
6.3.1.16 Jiangsu Lemon Chemical &Technology Co., LTD.
6.3.1.17 Jiangsu Ruijia Chemistry Co., Ltd.
6.3.1.18 Jiangsu Tianyin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
6.3.1.19 Jiangyin City Wuyang Chemical Co., Ltd.
6.3.1.20 Jilin Chemical Industrial Co. Ltd
6.3.1.21 Lanzhou Huifeng Petrochemical Co., Ltd.
6.3.1.22 Liaoyang Guanghua Chemical Co., Ltd.
6.3.1.23 Liyang Dacan Solvent Co., Ltd.
6.3.1.24 Meishan Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd.
6.3.1.25 Nanchang Ganjiang Solvent Factory
6.3.1.26 Panjin Far East Chemicals Co., Ltd.
6.3.1.27 PetroChina Company Limited
6.3.1.28 Shandong Shenghai Chemical Stock Co., Ltd.
6.3.1.29 Shandong Shida Shenghua Chemical Co., Ltd
6.3.1.30 Shanghai People Pharmaceutical Solvent Plant
6.3.1.31 Sinopec Jinling Petrochemical Corp., Ltd.
6.3.1.32 Sinopec Qingjiang Petrochemical Co., Ltd.
6.3.1.33 Sinopec Shanghai Gaoqiao Company Chemical Works
6.3.1.34 Sinopec Tianjin Petrochemical Co.
6.3.1.35 Suzhou Jiutai Group Company
6.3.1.36 The No.3 Plant of Fushun Petrochemical Compny of CNPC
6.3.1.37 Tianjin Lianda Group Co., Ltd
6.3.1.38 Tianjin Organic Chemistry Industry Company
6.3.1.39 Wujiang Xueli Lubricant Co., Ltd.
6.3.1.40 Wujiang Zhenrong Chemical Co.,Ltd.
6.3.1.41 Wuxi Saite Chemical Co., Ltd.
6.3.1.42 Xinjiang Zepu Petrochemical Factory
6.3.1.43 Yanbian Tumenjiang Petrochemical Co., Ltd.
6.3.1.44 Yip's Chemical Holdings Limited
6.3.1.45 Zhejiang Pinghu Petroleum Solvent Chemical Plant
6.3.1.46 Zibo Linzi Zequan Chemical Co., Ltd.
6.3.2 India
6.3.2.1 Ashok Organic Industries Ltd.
6.3.2.2 Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited
6.3.2.3 Cetex Petrochemicals Ltd.
6.3.2.4 Chemilite Industries
6.3.2.5 Ganga Rasayanie Pvt. Ltd.
6.3.2.6 Haldia Petro
6.3.2.7 H.K.Enterprise
6.3.2.8 Hema Dyechem PVT LTD
6.3.2.9 Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited
6.3.2.10 Jubilant Organosys Ltd.
6.3.2.11 Kochi Refineries Limited
6.3.2.12 Laxmi Organic Industries Ltd.
6.3.2.13 Mehta Petro Refineries Limited
6.3.2.14 Prachi Poly Products Ltd.
6.3.2.15 Reliance Industries Ltd.
6.3.2.16 Schenectady Herdillia Limited
6.3.2.17 Spectrum Chemicals
6.3.3 Japan
6.3.3.1 Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.
6.3.3.2 Chisso Corporation
6.3.3.3 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.
6.3.3.4 Daicel-Degussa Ltd.
6.3.3.5 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.
6.3.3.6 Kanto Denka
6.3.3.7 Kureha Corporation
6.3.3.8 Kuraray Co., Ltd.
6.3.3.9 Kyowa Hakko Chemical Co., Ltd.
6.3.3.10 Maruzen Petrochemical Co., Ltd.
6.3.3.11 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
6.3.3.12 Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Inc.
6.3.3.13 Mitsui & Co., Ltd.
6.3.3.14 Musashino Chemical Laboratory Ltd.
6.3.3.15 Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd.
6.3.3.16 NOF Corporation
6.3.3.17 Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
6.3.3.18 Showa Denko K.K.
6.3.3.19 Sojitz Corporation
6.3.3.20 Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
6.3.3.21 The Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
6.3.3.22 Toagosei Co., Ltd.
6.3.3.23 Tokuyama Corporation
6.3.3.24 Toray Industries, Inc
6.3.3.25 Tosoh Corporation
6.3.4 Korea
6.3.4.1 Dongnam Petrochemical MFG.Co.,Ltd
6.3.4.2 GS-Caltex Corp.
6.3.4.3 Hannong Chemicals Inc
6.3.4.4 Hansuk Group
6.3.4.5 Honam Petrochemical Corporation
6.3.4.6 Hosung Chemex. Co., Ltd.
6.3.4.7 Hyundai Petrochemical of Korea
6.3.4.8 Korea Alcohol Industrial Co., Ltd.
6.3.4.9 Kumho P & B Chemicals Inc
6.3.4.10 LG Chem Ltd.
6.3.4.11 Michang Oil industrial Co., Ltd.
6.3.4.12 Samsung Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd.
6.3.4.13 Samsung Total Petrochemicals Co., Ltd.
6.3.4.14 SK Corporation
6.3.5 Taiwan
6.3.5.1 China Steel Chemical Corp.
6.3.5.2 Formosa Chemicals & Fiber Corp.
6.3.5.3 LCY Chemical Industry Corporation
6.3.5.4 Shiny Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd.
6.3.6 Other Countries
6.3.6.1 Arak Petrochemical Co. (Iran)
6.3.6.2 Continental Chemical Corporation Pte Ltd. (Singapore)
6.3.6.3 Esfahan Petrochemical Company (Iran)
6.3.6.4 Petrochemical Corporation of Singapore Limited (Singapore)
6.3.6.5 Primochem Sdn Bhd (Malaysia)
6.3.6.6 Safra Co. Ltd. (Saudi-Arabia)
6.3.6.7 Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC) (Saudi-Arabia)
6.3.6.8 Thai Petrochemical Industry Group of Companies (Thailand)
6.4 Rest of the World
6.4.1 Aceites y Solventes Venezolanos, S. A. (Venezuela)
6.4.2 Cloroetil Solventes Acéticos, S.A. (Brazil)
6.4.3 Grupo IDESA, S.A. de C.V. (Mexico)
6.4.4 NCP Alcohols (Pty) Ltd. (South Africa)
6.4.5 Oxiteno (Brazil)
6.4.6 Petroleum Oil & Gas Corporation SA (Pty) Ltd. (South Africa)
6.4.7 Sasol Limited (South Africa)
6.4.8 Sugar & Integrated Industries (Egypt)

List of Abbreviations
List of Graphs
Solvent Questionnaire

List of Graphs

Graph 1: Worldwide Market for Solvents in Million Tonnes from 2000-2012
Graph 2: The Solvent Market in 2004 Divided into Solvent Groups
Graph 3: The Global Solvent Market According to Region in Percent
Graph 4: The Global Solvent Market According to Region in Million Tonnes
Graph 5: The Solvent Market in Europe in Million Tonnes
Graph 6: The European Solvent Market Divided According to Solvent Groups
Graph 7: The Solvent Market Divided According to Areas of Application in Europe Source: ESIG
Graph 8: Solvent Turnover and Total Turnover of the Chemical Wholesale Trade in Germany in Tonnes; Source: Verband Chemiehandel
Graph 9: The Solvent Market in Sweden Divided According to Solvent Types, 2001 Source: KemI's Products Register
Graph 10: Areas of Application of Organic Solvents in Sweden, 1996; Source: KemI's Products Register
Graph 11: The Solvent Market in North America in Million Tonnes
Graph 12: The Solvent Market in Asia in Million Tonnes
Graph 13: Toluene Capacities in Thousand Tonnes in Asia According to Countries
Graph 14: Import of Xylene in Thousand Tonnes in China
Graph 15: Consumption and Production Quantities of Methanol in China in Tonnes
Graph 16: Production of Benzene und Toluene in Japan in Tonnes; Source: MITI
Graph 17: Production of Xylene and Para-Xylene in Japan in Tonnes; Source: MITI
Graph 18: Production of Butanol und Octanol in Japan in Tonnes; Source: MITI
Graph 19: Production of Acetone und Cyclohexane in Japan in Tonnes; Source: MITI
Graph 20: Production of Acetic Acid in Japan in Tonnes; Source: MITI
Graph 21: Toluene Capacities in South Korea in Thousand Tonnes
Graph 22: Areas of Application of Acetone in South Korea in 2003
Graph 23: Production, Demand, Imports and Exports of MIBK in South Korea in Thousand Tonnes
Graph 24: Application Areas of Solvents in Europe; Source: ESIG
Graph 25: Global Adhesive Market According to Types of Adhesives.
Graph 26: Market Shares of Textile Cleaning Processes
Graph 27: Turnover of the European Dry-Cleaning Industry in 2004; Source: CINET
Graph 28: Capacity and Production of 2-Ethylhexanol in Thousand Tonnes in Europe; Source: CEFIC
Graph 29: Capacity and Production of Butanol in Thousand Tonnes in Europe, Source: CEFIC
Graph 30: Demand for Ethanol in the Chemical Sector in percent in Germany 2003.
Graph 31: The Global Ethanol Market according to Application Areas in %
Graph 32: Capacity and Production of Ethanol in Thousand Tonnes in Europe; Source: CEFIC
Graph 33: Global Market for Industrial Alcohol according to Areas of Application in %
Graph 34: Capacity and Production of Glycol in Million Tonnes in Europe; Source: CEFIC
Graph 35: European Capacity and Production of Isopropanol in Thousand Tonnes; Source: CEFIC
Graph 36: US American Areas of Application for Isopropanol in %
Graph 37: Global Methanol Production, Capacity and Excess Capacity in Million Tonnes; Source: Methanol Institute
Graph 38: Global Demand for Ethanol in Million Tonnes According to Areas of Application; Source: Methanol Institute
Graph 39: Global Demand for Ethanol in Million Tonnes According to Areas of Application in Percent in 2005; Source: Methanol Institute
Graph 40: Capacity and Production Quantities of Ethylene Oxide in Million Tonnes in Europe; Source: CEFIC
Graph 41: European Capacities and Production Quantities of Propylene Oxide in Million Tonnes; Source: CEFIC
Graph 42: Global Production Capacities of Methyl Ethyl Ketone in Percent According to Region
Graph 43: European Capacity and Production Quantities of Cyclohexane in Million Tonnes in Europe
Graph 44: Commercial Production of Benzene According to Manufacturing Processes in %; Source: CEFIC
Graph 45: Western European Consumption of Benzene in Million Tonnes in 2004 According to Areas of Application; Source: CEFIC
Graph 46: Worldwide Consumption of Benzene According to Areas of Application in in % in 2002; Source: CEFIC
Graph 47: Worldwide Consumption of Benzene according to Region in % in 2002; Source: CEFIC
Graph 48: Capacity and Production Quantities of Benzene in Million Tonnes in Europe; Source: CEFIC
Graph 49: Asian Demand and Production Capacities in Million Tonnes of Benzene According to Countries, 2003; Source: MITI
Graph 50: European Capacities and Production Quantities in Million Tonnes for Cumene in Europe; Source: CEFIC
Graph 51: European Capacities and Production Quantities of Ethylbenzene in Million Tonnes; Source: CEFIC
Graph 52: Western European Consumption of Toluene in Thousand Tonnes According to Application Areas, 2004; Source: CEFIC
Graph 53: Worldwide Toluene Consumption in % According to Application Areas in 2002; Source: CEFIC
Graph 54: Global Toluene-Demand and Production Capacity in Million Tonnes According to Region, 2003; Source: MITI
Graph 55: Asian Toluene Demand and Production Capacity in Million Tonnes According to Countries 2003; Source: MITI
Graph 56: European Application Areas of Xylene in Million Tonnes, 2004; Source: CEFIC
Graph 57: The Global Xylene Market According to Regions in %, 2002; Source: CEFIC
Graph 58: Worldwide Demand and Production Capacities for Xylene in Million Tonnes According to Region 2003; Source: MITI
Graph 59: Asian Demand and Production Capacities for Xylene in Million Tonnes According to Countries, 2003; Source: MITI
Graph 60: European Capacities and Production Quantities of Ortho-xylene in Million Tonnes; Source: CEFIC
Graph 61: European Capacities and Production Quantities of Para-xylene in Million Tonnes; Source: CEFIC
Graph 62: Western European Production and Solvent Use of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in Thousand Tonnes; Source: ECSA
Graph 63: Western European Consumption of Methylene Chloride, Perchloroethylene and Trichloroethylene in Thousand Tonnes; Source: ECSA
Graph 64: European Capacity and Production Quantities of Chlorobenzene in Thousand Tonnes; Source: CEFIC
Graph 65: Western European Consumption of Methylene Chloride in Thousand Tonnes; Source: ECSA
Graph 66: US Areas of Application of Methylene Chloride in %; Source: HSIA
Graph 67: Western European Consumption of Perchloroethylene in Thousand Tonnes; Source: ECSA
Graph 68: US Application Areas of Perchloroethylene in Percent in 2004; Source: HSIA
Graph 69: Western European Consumption of Trichloroethylene in Thousand Tonnes; Source: ECSA
Graph 70: US Application Areas of Trichloroethylene in %; Source: HSIA
Graph 71: Formation and Decomposition of Ozone by Intensive Sunlight (Source: Department of the Environment and Transport Baden-Württemberg, Germany; July 2003)
Graph 72: Annual Production Capacities of BASF for Various Solvents and Preliminary Products in Tonnes; Source: BASF
Graph 73: Lukoil Solvent Production in Thousand Tonnes
Graph 74: World-wide Production Capacities of Methanex in Million Tonnes; Source: Methanex
Graph 75: Sunoco's Solvent Production Capacities in Tonnes; Source: Sunoco
Graph 76: Solvent Capacities of Changhua Chemical in Annual Tonnes.
Graph 77: Production Quantities of Important Chemicals from Sinopec in Thousand Annual Tonnes; Source: Sinopec
Graph 78: Production Capacities for Various Solvents from Sinopec in Thousand Tonnes
Graph 79: Solvent Production of Jilin in Thousand Tonnes 2004
Graph 80: Solvent Capacities of Reliance in Thousand Tonnes

List of Tables

Table 1: Output Quantities of Chinese Xylene Producers In Tonnes in 2004.
Table 2: Expenditure of Paint and Varnish Manufacturers in the USA in 2002; Source: US Bureau of the Census, 2004
Table 3: Water Hazard Classes 1 to 3 (Source: Administrative regulations for substances hazardous to water, Germany (VwVwS) from 17.05.1999)
Table 4: Physical Intake of Solvents
Table 5: Hazardous Substances Classifications; Source: Regulation on Hazardous Substances, Germany. (GefStoffV)
Table 6: Table of Activities Regulated Under the Solvent Emissions Regulations, Source: Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs UK (DEFRA)
Table 7: Control Measures of the Montreal Protocol, Source: UNDP
Table 8: Ineos-Divisions, Products and Turnover